What protections exist in Normal Law and how does Alternate Law differ?

• A. Alternate Law provides enhanced protections for bank angles and high-speed protection.
• B. Normal Law provides protections such as angle of attack, load factor, high-speed protection, and bank angle limits. Alternate Law degrades protections and may limit control authority and stability.
• C. Alternate Law provides the same protections as Normal Law.
• D. Normal Law has no protections.

Answer: (B)

Normal Law in Airbus fly-by-wire includes envelope protections that keep the aircraft within safe limits: angle of attack protection helps prevent entering a stall by restricting nose-up demand as the AoA nears the stall, load factor protection limits the g-forces during maneuvers to avoid structural or control issues, high-speed protection prevents overspeed, and bank angle limits keep turns within safe, controllable limits. When the system reverts to Alternate Law, these protections are degraded or removed and control authority and stability can be reduced, meaning the airplane may respond more directly to pilot inputs and with less automatic safety limiting. This explains why the statement describing Normal Law as providing those protections and Alternate Law as degraded is the best fit.